Zenn and the art of electric car maintenance  

The Toronto Globe and Mail has a report on Eestor's prime customer, Zenn Motor Co - Zenn and the art of electric car maintenance.

The first thing you notice about a Zenn car is its silence. "You can hear the birds singing driving down an urban street," Ian Clifford, founder of Toronto's Zenn Motor Co., boasted to Rick Mercer, bringing a mock tear to the comedian's eye when he visited the company's assembly plant for a segment of his show last year.

Zenn (for "zero emissions, no noise") is a low-speed electric car, conceived and assembled in Canada. It can go 80 kilometres on one charge, maxing out at 40 km/h, which pretty much limits it to neighbourhood excursions. Some 350 have been sold, mainly to U.S. buyers, as only one Canadian province - Quebec -permits it on its roads. It is, Mr. Clifford admits, a niche technology.

But the 46-year-old entrepreneur has much bigger plans. In 2004, Mr. Clifford signed a licence with Eestor, a Texas battery developer, that gives Zenn exclusive rights to use its technology in small and mid-size cars. Because Eestor's battery promises to propel a car up to 400 kilometres at highway speeds after just a five-minute charge, the deal could have a massive upside: Mr. Clifford envisions "Zennergy" electric propulsion systems powering millions of new and old vehicles. "We want Zennergy drives to be ubiquitous with electric-drive cars," he says. "We want to be the standard."

The downside? If Eestor's technology, still in development, proves unviable, Zenn could join Bricklin and Magna's Torrero in the annals of failed Canadian car brands.

Mr. Clifford is well aware of the gamble, but he's driven as much by ecological passion as business opportunity. In the mid-'90s, frustrated at being unable to buy an electric car in Canada, he bought a 1959 French electric car. "You'd park it and there'd be 20 people around it, staring and asking questions," he recalls.

Then, in 2000, two things happened: Mr. Clifford sold his Internet marketing business, and his beloved car broke down. He called the guy from whom he'd bought it to ask how to get it fixed, and was told, "Look in the Yellow Pages under 'lift trucks.' " As in forklifts. "That was the 'Aha!' moment," Mr. Clifford says. "There are millions of electric cars being driven behind closed doors in warehouses. This is proven, commercialized technology."

In 2002, Mr. Clifford ventured forth on two parallel streams. One was assembling a commercial, low-speed electric vehicle for neighbourhood driving, using the chassis of French Microcars. "I saw it as a low-capital-risk way to get a product to market" while establishing a brand and industry credibility, he says.

The second, more important stream was to develop a long-range, high-speed electric drive system that could power any car. "Consumers will not accept electric vehicles until they do exactly, or close to, what their gas-powered vehicles do," Mr. Clifford says. That means a charging time roughly equivalent to what it takes to fill up at the pump, the ability to operate in any climate, and near price parity.

The challenge turns primarily on battery technology, and the Zenn team investigated numerous options until it came across Eestor, an Austin-based startup whose prototype ceramic "ultracapacitor" promised to provide 10 times the energy of existing batteries at one-tenth the weight.

"It was a completely disruptive, breakthrough technology," Mr. Clifford says. "It replaces petroleum - it has that capacity." But the tech was still untried. To raise development funding, Eestor offered licences covering rights for various applications, from automotive to industrial to military. Zenn paid $2.5-million for rights covering small to mid-size cars, then in April invested another $2.5-million in the company.